From bd6548fbc168f347e3bd02ac58831657eef256f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sergey Poznyakoff Date: Mon, 30 Jan 2012 00:20:27 +0200 Subject: Import version 0.51 --- CIDE.R | 74641 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------- 1 file changed, 40193 insertions(+), 34448 deletions(-) (limited to 'CIDE.R') diff --git a/CIDE.R b/CIDE.R index 09a82cd..4d1e773 100644 --- a/CIDE.R +++ b/CIDE.R @@ -1,34448 +1,40193 @@ -

<-- Begin file 18 of 26: Letter R (Version 0.46) - - This file is part 18 of the GNU version of - The Collaborative International Dictionary of English - Also referred to as GCIDE - * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * - -GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with this copy of GCIDE; see the file COPYING. If not, write -to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. - * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * - - This dictionary was derived from the - Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - Version published 1913 - by the C. & G. Merriam Co. - Springfield, Mass. - Under the direction of - Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D. - - and from - WordNet, a semantic network created by - the Cognitive Science Department - of Princeton University - under the direction of - Prof. George Miller - - and is being updated and supplemented by - an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from - around the world. - - This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an -ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic -dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a -large and freely available knowledge base. Contributions of data, -time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation -of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the -internet. Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a -knowledge base should contact: - - Patrick Cassidy pc@worldsoul.org - 735 Belvidere Ave. Office: (908)668-5252 - Plainfield, NJ 07062 - (908) 561-3416 - - Last edited January 17, 2002. - - -->

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R.

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R (. R, the eighteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is sometimes called a semivowel, and a liquid. See Guide to Pronunciation, \'bdR is the dog's letter and hurreth in the sound.\'b8 B. Jonson.
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In words derived from the Greek language the letter h is generally written after r to represent the aspirated sound of the Greek "r, but does not affect the pronunciation of the English word, as rhapsody, rhetoric.
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The English letter derives its form from the Greek through the Latin, the Greek letter being derived from the Phl, s, and n; as in bandore, mandole; purple, L. purpura; E. chapter, F. chapitre, L. capitulum; E. was, were; hare, G. hase; E. order, F. ordre, L. ordo, ordinis; E. coffer, coffin. -
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The three Rs, a jocose expression for reading, (w)riting, and (a)rithmetic, -- the fundamentals of an education.
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R&D (, n. [research and development.] research and development; used mostly to refer to the division of a corporation responsible for performing research and developing new products; -- a commonly used abbreviation.
Syn. -- R and D, research and development. -[PJC]

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Ra (r, n. A roe; a deer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Ra-. A prefix, from the Latin re and ad combined, coming to us through the French and Italian. See Re-, and Ad-.
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Raash (r, n. [Cf. Ar. ra'ash trembling, tremor.] (Zo\'94l.) The electric catfish. [Written also raasch.]
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Rab (r, n. A rod or stick used by masons in mixing hair with mortar.
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Rab"at (r, n. [See Rabot.] A polishing material made of potter's clay that has failed in baking.
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\'d8Ra`bat" (r, n. [F. Cf. Rabato.] (Eccl.) (a) A clerical linen collar. (b) A kind of clerical scarf fitted to a collar; as, a black silk rabat.
Webster 1913 Suppl.]

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Ra*bate" (r, v. t. [F. rabattre to beat down; pref. re- + abattre. See Abate, and cf. Rebate, v.] (Falconry) To recover to the fist, as a hawk. [Obs.]
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Rab"a*tine (r, n. [See Rabato.] A collar or cape. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott.
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Ra*ba"to (r, n. [F. rabat, fr. rabattre. See Rabate.] A kind of ruff for the neck; a turned-down collar; a rebato. [Obs.] Shak.
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Rab*bate" (r, v. t. [See Rabate.] To abate or diminish. [Obs.] -- n. Abatement. [Obs.]
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Rab"bet (r, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rabbeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rabbeting.] [F. raboter to plane, plane down,rabot a plane; pref. re- re- + OF. abouter, aboter. See Abut, and cf. Rebut.] 1. To cut a rabbet in; to furnish with a rabbet.
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2. To unite the edges of, as boards, etc., in a rabbet joint.
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Rab"bet, n. [See Rabbet, v., and cf. Rebate, n.]
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1. (Carp.) A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of any body; especially, one intended to receive another member, so as to break or cover the joint, or more easily to hold the members in place; thus, the groove cut for a panel, for a pane of glass, or for a door, is a rabbet, or rebate.
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2. Same as Rabbet joint, below.
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Rabbet joint (Carp.), a joint formed by fitting together rabbeted boards or timbers; -- called also rabbet. -- Rabbet plane, a joiner's plane for cutting a rabbet. Moxon.
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Rab"bi (ror r, n.; pl. Rabbis (ror r or Rabbies. [L., fr. Gr. "rabbi`, Heb. rab\'c6 my master, from rab master, lord, teacher, akin to Ar. rabb.] Master; lord; teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor of the law. \'bdThe gravest rabbies.\'b8 Milton.
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Be not ye called Rabbi, for one is your Master, even Christ, and all ye are brethren. Matt. xxiii. 8.
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Rab"bin (r, n. [F.] Same as Rabbi.
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{ Rab*bin"ic (r, Rab*bin"ic*al (r, } a. [Cf. F. rabbinique.] Of or pertaining to the rabbins or rabbis, or pertaining to the opinions, learning, or language of the rabbins. \'bdComments staler than rabbinic.\'b8 Lowell.
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We will not buy your rabbinical fumes. Milton.
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Rab*bin"ic (r, n. The language or dialect of the rabbins; the later Hebrew.
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Rab*bin"ic*al*ly, adv. In a rabbinical manner; after the manner of the rabbins.
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Rab"bin*ism (r, n. [Cf. F. rabbinisme.] 1. A rabbinic expression or phraseology; a peculiarity of the language of the rabbins.
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2. The teachings and traditions of the rabbins.
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Rab"bin*ist (r, n. [Cf. F. rabbiniste.] One among the Jews who adhered to the Talmud and the traditions of the rabbins, in opposition to the Karaites, who rejected the traditions.
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Rab"bin*ite (r, n. Same as Rabbinist.
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Rab"bit (r, n. [OE. rabet, akin to OD. robbe, robbeken.] (Zo\'94l.) Any of the smaller species of the genus Lepus, especially the common European species (Lepus cuniculus), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest in some parts of Australia and New Zealand.
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Lepus sylvatica) is similar but smaller. See Cottontail, and Jack rabbit, under 2d Jack. The larger species of Lepus are commonly called hares. See Hare.
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Angora rabbit (Zo\'94l.), a variety of the domestic rabbit having long, soft fur. -- Rabbit burrow, a hole in the earth made by rabbits for shelter and habitation. -- Rabbit fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The northern chim\'91ra (Chim\'91ra monstrosa). (b) Any one of several species of plectognath fishes, as the bur fish, and puffer. The term is also locally applied to other fishes. -- Rabbits' ears. (Bot.) See Cyclamen.<-- a type of antenna with two long narrow metal prongs, usually arranged so as to remeniscent of erect rabbit's ears. --> -- Rabbit warren, a piece of ground appropriated to the breeding and preservation of rabbits. Wright. -- Rock rabbit. (a) (Zo\'94l.) See Daman, and Klipdas. (b) the pika. -- Welsh rabbit, a dish of which the chief constituents are melted cheese over toasted bread, flavored in various ways, as with ale, beer, milk, or spices. The name is popularly said to be a corruption of Welsh rare bit, but it is probably merely a humorous designation; -- also called Welsh rarebit.
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Rab"bit*ing, n. The hunting of rabbits. T. Hughes.
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Rab"bit*ry (r, n. A place where rabbits are kept; especially, a collection of hutches for tame rabbits.
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Rab"ble (r, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Iron Manuf.) An iron bar, with the end bent, used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of puddling.
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Rab"ble, v. t. To stir or skim with a rabble, as molten iron.
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Rab"ble, v. i. [Akin to D. rabbelen, Prov. G. rabbeln, to prattle, to chatter: cf. L. rabula a brawling advocate, a pettifogger, fr. rabere to rave. Cf. Rage.] To speak in a confused manner. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
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Rab"ble, n. [Probably named from the noise made by it (see Rabble, v. i.) cf. D. rapalje rabble, OF. & Prov. F. rapaille.] 1. A tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people; a mob; a confused, disorderly throng.
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I saw, I say, come out of London, even unto the presence of the prince, a great rabble of mean and light persons. Ascham.
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Jupiter, Mercury, Bacchus, Venus, Mars, and the whole rabble of licentious deities. Bp. Warburton.
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2. A confused, incoherent discourse; a medley of voices; a chatter.
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The rabble, the lowest class of people, without reference to an assembly; the dregs of the people. \'bdThe rabble call him \'bflord.'\'b8 Shak.
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Rab"ble, a. Of or pertaining to a rabble; like, or suited to, a rabble; disorderly; vulgar. [R.] Dryden.
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Rab"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rabbled (r; p. pr. & vb. n. Rabbling (r.] 1. To insult, or assault, by a mob; to mob; as, to rabble a curate. Macaulay.
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The bishops' carriages were stopped and the prelates themselves rabbled on their way to the house. J. R. Green.
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2. To utter glibly and incoherently; to mouth without intelligence. [Obs. or Scot.] Foxe.
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3. To rumple; to crumple. [Scot.]
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Rab"ble*ment (r, n. A tumultuous crowd of low people; a rabble. \'bdRude rablement.\'b8 Spenser.
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And still, as he refused it, the rabblement hooted. Shak.
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Rab"bler (r, n. [See 2d Rabble.] (Mech.) A scraping tool for smoothing metal.
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Rab"ble-rout` (r, n. A tumultuous crowd; a rabble; a noisy throng.
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Rab*doid"al (r, a. [Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + -oid + -al.] (Anat.) See Sagittal. [Written also rhabdoidal.]
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Rab*dol"o*gy (r, n. [Gr. "ra`bdos rod, stick + -logy: cf. F. rabdologie.] The method or art of performing arithmetical operations by means of Napier's bones. See Napier's bones. [Written also rhabdology.]
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Rab"do*man`cy (r, n. [Gr. "ra`bdos rod + -mancy.] Divination by means of rods or wands. [Written also rhabdomancy.] Sir T. Browne.
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Rab"id (r, a. [L. rabidus, from rabere to rave. See Rage, n.] 1. Furious; raging; extremely violent.
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The rabid flight
Chapman.
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2. Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist.
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3. Affected with the distemper called rabies; mad; as, a rabid dog or fox.
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4. (Med.) Of or pertaining to rabies, or hydrophobia; as, rabid virus.
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Ra*bid"i*ty (r, n. Rabidness; furiousness.
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Rab"id*ly (r, adv. In a rabid manner; with extreme violence.
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Rab"id*ness, n. The quality or state of being rabid.
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\'d8Ra"bi*es (r, n. [L. See Rage, n.] Same as Hydrophobia (b); canine madness.
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Rab"i*net (r, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mil.) A kind of small ordnance formerly in use. [Written also rabanet.] Ainsworth.
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Ra"bi*ous (r, a. Fierce. [Obs.] Daniel.
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Ra"bot (r, n. [F.] A rubber of hard wood used in smoothing marble to be polished. Knight.
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\'d8Ra"ca (r, a. [Gr. "raka`, from Chaldee r.] A term of reproach used by the Jews of our Savior's time, meaning \'bdworthless.\'b8
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Whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council. Matt. v. 22.
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\'d8Ra`ca`hout" (r, n. [F. racahout, probably fr. Ar. r\'beqaut.] A preparation from acorns used by the Arabs as a substitute for chocolate, and also as a beverage for invalids.
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Rac*coon" (r, n. [F. raton, prop., a little rat, fr. rat rat, perhaps of German origin. See Rat.] (Zo\'94l.) A North American nocturnal carnivore (Procyon lotor) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also coon, and mapach.
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Raccoon dog (Zo\'94l.), the tanate. -- Raccoon fox (Zo\'94l.), the cacomixle.
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Race (r, v. t. To raze. [Obs.] Spenser.
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<-- p. 1182 pr=vmg -->

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Race (r, n. [OF. ra\'8bz, L. radix, -icis. See Radix.] A root. \'bdA race or two of ginger.\'b8 Shak.
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Race ginger, ginger in the root, or not pulverized.
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Race, n. [F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See Write.]
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1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed.
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The whole race of mankind. Shak.
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Whence the long race of Alban fathers come. Dryden.
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Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix.
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2. Company; herd; breed.
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For do but note a wild and wanton herd,
race of youthful and unhandled colts,
Shak.
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3. (Bot.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed.
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4. Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. \'bdA race of heaven.\'b8 Shak.
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Is it [the wine] of the right race ? Massinger.
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5. Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.]
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And now I give my sensual race the rein. Shak.
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Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment. Sir W. Temple.
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Syn. -- Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring; progeny; issue.
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Race, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r a rush, running; akin to Icel. r\'bes course, race. 1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression.
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2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running.
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The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. Bacon.
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3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races.
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The race is not to the swift. Eccl. ix. 11.
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I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. Pope.
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4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life.
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My race of glory run, and race of shame. Milton.
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5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney.
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6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race.
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headrace, the part below, the tailrace.
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7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc.
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Race cloth, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. -- Race course. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as Race way, below. -- Race cup, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. -- Race glass, a kind of field glass. -- Race horse. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo\'94l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo\'94l.) A mantis. -- Race knife, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. -- Race saddle, a light saddle used in racing. -- Race track. Same as Race course (a), above. -- Race way, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel.
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Race, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Raced (r; p. pr. & vb. n. Racing (r.] 1. To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port.
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2. (Steam Mach.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea.
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Race, v. t. 1. To cause to contend in a race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses.
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2. To run a race with.
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Race"a*bout` (r, n. (Naut.) A small sloop-rigged racing yacht carrying about six hundred square feet of sail, distinguished from a knockabout by having a short bowsprit.
Webster 1913 Suppl.]

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Ra*ce"mate (r, n. (Chem.) A salt of racemic acid.
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Rac`e*ma"tion (r, n. [L. racematio a gleaning, fr. racemari to glean, racemus a cluster of grapes. See Raceme.] 1. A cluster or bunch, as of grapes. Sir T. Browne.
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2. Cultivation or gathering of clusters of grapes. [R.] Bp. Burnet.
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Ra*ceme" (r, n. [L. racemus a bunch of berries, a cluster of grapes. See Raisin.] (Bot.) A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry.
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Compound raceme, one having the lower pedicels developed into secondary racemes.
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Ra*cemed" (r, a. (Bot.) Arranged in a raceme, or in racemes.
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Ra*ce"mic (r, a. [Cf. F. rac\'82mique. See Raceme.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc., by oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids. Gregory.
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Rac`e*mif"er*ous (r, a. [L. racemifer bearing clusters; racemus cluster + ferre to bear: cf. F. rac\'82mif\'8are.] (Bot.) Bearing racemes, as the currant.
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Ra*cem"i*form (r, a. Having the form of a raceme. Gray.
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Rac"e*mose` (r, a. [L. racemosus full of clusters.] Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as, (Bot.) racemose berries or flowers; (Anat.) the racemose glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered like a raceme. Gray.
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Rac"e*mous (r, a. [Cf. F. rac\'82meux.] See Racemose.
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Rac"e*mule (r, n. (Bot.) A little raceme.
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Ra*cem"u*lose` (r, a. (Bot.) Growing in very small racemes.
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Ra"cer (r, n. 1. One who, or that which, races, or contends in a race; esp., a race horse.
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And bade the nimblest racer seize the prize. Pope.
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2. (Zo\'94l.) The common American black snake.
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3. (Mil.) One of the circular iron or steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned.
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Race suicide. The voluntary failure of the members of a race or people to have a number of children sufficient to keep the birth rate equal to the death rate.
Webster 1913 Suppl.]

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{ Rach, Rache (r }, n. [AS. r\'91cc; akin to Icel. rakki.] (Zo\'94l.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound. [Obs.]
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\'d8Ra`chi*al"gi*a (r, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis backbone + 'a`lgos pain.] (Med.) A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic.
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Ra*chid"i*an (r, a. [See Rachis.] (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the rachis; spinal; vertebral. Same as Rhachidian.
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\'d8Ra*chil"la (r, n. [NL.] (Bot.) Same as Rhachilla.
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Ra"chi*o*dont (r, a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rhachiodont.
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\'d8Ra"chis (r, n.; pl. E. Rachises (r, L. Rachides (r. [NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis, -ios.] [Written also rhachis.] 1. (Anat.) The spine; the vertebral column.
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2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Same as Rhachis.
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Ra*chit"ic (r, a. [Cf. F. rachitique. See Rachitis.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to rachitis; affected by rachitis; rickety.
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\'d8Ra*chi"tis (r, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "rachi^tis (sc. nosos), fr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine.] [Written also rhachitis.] 1. (Med.) Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly applied to the rickets. See Rickets.
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2. (Bot.) A disease which produces abortion in the fruit or seeds. Henslow.
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Ra"chi*tome (r, n. [F., fr. Gr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine + te`mnein to cut.] A dissecting instrument for opening the spinal canal. [Written also rachiotome.]
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Ra"cial (r, a. Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the racial complexion.
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Ra"ci*ly (r, adv. In a racy manner.
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Ra"ci*ness (r, n. The quality of being racy; peculiar and piquant flavor.
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The general characteristics of his [Cobbett's] style were perspicuity, unequaled and inimitable; . . . a purity always simple, and raciness often elegant. London Times.
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Ra"cing (r, a. & n. from Race, v. t. & i.
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Racing crab (Zo\'94l.), an ocypodian.
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Rack (r, n. Same as Arrack.
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Rack, n. [AS. hracca neck, hinder part of the head; cf. AS. hraca throat, G. rachen throat, E. retch.] The neck and spine of a fore quarter of veal or mutton.
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Rack, n. [See Wreck.] A wreck; destruction. [Obs., except in a few phrases.]
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Rack and ruin, destruction; utter ruin. [Colloq.] -- To go to rack, to perish; to be destroyed. [Colloq.] \'bdAll goes to rack.\'b8 Pepys.
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Rack, n. [Prob. fr. Icel. rek drift, motion, and akin to reka to drive, and E. wrack, wreck. Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapor in the sky. Shak.
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The winds in the upper region, which move the clouds above, which we call the rack, . . . pass without noise. Bacon.
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And the night rack came rolling up. C. Kingsley.
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Rack, v. i. To fly, as vapor or broken clouds.
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Rack, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Racked (r; p. pr. & vb. n. Racking.] [See Rack that which stretches, or Rock, v.] To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse. Fuller.
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Rack, n. A fast amble.
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Rack, v. t. [Cf. OF. vin raqu\'82 wine squeezed from the dregs of the grapes.] To draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine.
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It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner. Bacon.
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Rack vintage, wine cleansed and drawn from the lees. Cowell.
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Rack, n. [Probably fr. D. rek, rekbank, a rack, rekken to stretch; akin to G. reck, reckbank, a rack, recken to stretch, Dan. r\'91kke, Sw. r\'84cka, Icel. rekja to spread out, Goth. refrakjan to stretch out; cf. L. porrigere, Gr. 'ore`gein. Right, a., Ratch.] 1. An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: (a) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons.
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During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a rack was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used under the plea of political necessity. Macaulay.
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(b) An instrument for bending a bow. (c) A grate on which bacon is laid. (d) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts. (e) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc. (f) (Naut.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also rack block. Also, a frame to hold shot. (g) (Mining) A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed. (h) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads. (i) A distaff.
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2. (Mech.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it.
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3. That which is extorted; exaction. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
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Mangle rack. (Mach.) See under Mangle. n. -- Rack block. (Naut.) See def. 1 (f), above. -- Rack lashing, a lashing or binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a small stick of wood twisted around. -- Rack rail (Railroads), a toothed rack, laid as a rail, to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of a locomotive for climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain. -- Rack saw, a saw having wide teeth. -- Rack stick, the stick used in a rack lashing. -- To be on the rack, to suffer torture, physical or mental. -- To live at rack and manger, to live on the best at another's expense. [Colloq.] -- To put to the rack, to subject to torture; to torment.
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A fit of the stone puts a king to the rack, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest subject. Sir W. Temple.
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Rack (r, v. t. 1. To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints.
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He was racked and miserably tormented. Foxe.
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2. To torment; to torture; to affect with extreme pain or anguish.
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Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair. Milton.
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3. To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion.
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The landlords there shamefully rack their tenants. Spenser.
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They [landlords] rack their rents an ace too high. Gascoigne.
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Grant that I may never rack a Scripture simile beyond the true intent thereof. Fuller.
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Try what my credit can in Venice do;
racked even to the uttermost. Shak.
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4. (Mining) To wash on a rack, as metals or ore.
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5. (Naut.) To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc.
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To rack one's brains or To rack one's brains out or To rack one's wits, to exert one's thinking processes to the utmost for the purpose of accomplishing something; as, I racked my brains out trying to find a way to solve the problem.
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Syn. -- To torture; torment; rend; tear.
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Rack"a*bones` (r, n. A very lean animal, esp. a horse. [Colloq. U. S.]
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Rack"a*rock` (r, n. [Rack to stretch, strain + a + rock.] A Sprengel explosive consisting of potassium chlorate and mono-nitrobenzene.
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Rack"er (r, n. 1. One who racks.
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2. A horse that has a racking gait.
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Rack"et (r, n. [F. raquette; cf. Sp. raqueta, It. racchetta, which is perhaps for retichetta, and fr. L. rete a net (cf. Reticule); or perh. from the Arabic; cf. Ar. r\'beha the palm of the hand (used at first to strike the ball), and OF. rachette, rasquette, carpus, tarsus.] [Written also racquet.] 1. A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games.
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Each one [of the Indians] has a bat curved like a crosier, and ending in a racket. Bancroft.
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2. A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural. Chaucer.
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3. A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across a long and narrow frame of light wood. [Canada]
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4. A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground.
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Racket court, a court for playing the game of rackets.
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Rack"et, v. t. To strike with, or as with, a racket.
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Poor man [is] racketed from one temptation to another. Hewyt.
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Rack"et, n. [Gael. racaid a noise, disturbance.] 1. confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk or sport.
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2. A carouse; any reckless dissipation. [Slang]
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Rack"et, n. 1. A scheme, dodge, trick, or the like; something taking place considered as exciting, trying, unusual, or the like; also, such occurrence considered as an ordeal; as, to work a racket; to stand upon the racket. [Slang]
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2. an organized illegal activity, such as illegal gambling, bootlegging, or extortion.
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Rack"et, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Racketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Racketing.] 1. To make a confused noise or racket.
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2. To engage in noisy sport; to frolic. Sterne.
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3. To carouse or engage in dissipation. [Slang]
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Rack"et*er (r, n. One who makes, or engages in, a racket.
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Rack"ett (r, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mus.) An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.
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Rack"et-tail (r, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Steganura, having two of the tail feathers very long and racket-shaped.
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Rack"et-tailed` (r, a. (Zo\'94l.) Having long and spatulate, or racket-shaped, tail feathers.
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Rack"et*y (r, a. Making a tumultuous noise.
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Rack"ing, n. (Naut.) Spun yarn used in racking ropes.
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Rack"-rent` (r, n. A rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an excessive or unreasonably high rent. Blackstone.
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Rack"-rent`, v. t. To subject to rack-rent, as a farm or tenant.
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Rack"-rent`er (r, n. 1. One who is subjected to paying rack-rent.
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2. One who exacts rack-rent.
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<-- p. 1183 pr=vmg -->

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Rack"tail` (r, n. (Horol.) An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock.
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Rack"work` (r, n. Any mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion.
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Ra"cle (r, a. See Rakel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Ra"cle*ness, n. See Rakelness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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\'d8Ra`con`teur" (r, n. [F.] A relater; a storyteller.
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\'d8Ra*coon"da (r, n. [From a native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The coypu.
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Ra*co"vi*an (r, n. [From Racow.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of Socinians or Unitarians in Poland.
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Rac"quet (r, n. See Racket.
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Ra"cy (r, a. [Compar. Racier (r; superl. Raciest.] [From Race a tribe, family.] 1. Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich.
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The racy wine,
Pope.
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2. Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively.
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Our raciest, most idiomatic popular words. M. Arnold.
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Burns's English, though not so racy as his Scotch, is generally correct. H. Coleridge.
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The rich and racy humor of a natural converser fresh from the plow. Prof. Wilson.
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3. somewhat suggestive of sexual themes; slightly improper; risqu\'82.
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Syn. -- Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant; risqu\'81. -- Racy, Spicy. Racy refers primarily to that peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or production racy when it \'bdsmacks of the soil,\'b8 or has an uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought and language. Spicy, when applied to style, has reference to a spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a condiment. It does not, like racy, suggest native peculiarity. A spicy article in a magazine; a spicy retort. Racy in conversation; a racy remark.
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Rich, racy verses, in which we
Cowley.
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Rad (r, n. [radiation absorbed dose.] a unit of measurement of the amount of ionizing radiation absorbed by an object, equal to an energy of 100 ergs per gram of irradiated material (equal to 0.01 gray).
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Rad (r, obs. imp. & p. p. of Read, Rede. Spenser.
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Rad"de (r, obs. imp. of Read, Rede. Chaucer.
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Rad"dle (r, n. [Cf. G. r\'84der, r\'84del, sieve, or perhaps E. reed.] 1. A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.
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2. A hedge or fence made with raddles; -- called also raddle hedge. Todd.
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3. An instrument consisting of a wooden bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom.
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Rad"dle (r, v. t. To interweave or twist together.
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Raddling or working it up like basket work. De Foe.
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Rad"dle (r, n. [Cf. Ruddle.] A red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes; ruddle. \'bdA raddle of rouge.\'b8 Thackeray.
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Rad"dle, v. t. To mark or paint with, or as with, raddle. \'bdWhitened and raddled old women.\'b8 Thackeray.
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Rad"dock (r, n. (Zo\'94l.) The ruddock. [Prov. Eng.]
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Rade (r, n. A raid. [Scot.]
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\'d8Ra`deau" (r, n. [F.] A float; a raft.
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Three vessels under sail, and one at anchor, above Split Rock, and behind it the radeau Thunderer. W. Irving.
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Ra"di*al (r, a. [Cf. F. radial. See Radius.] Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections; (Zo\'94l.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery.
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Radial symmetry. (Biol.) See under Symmetry.
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\'d8Ra`di*a"le (r, n.; pl. Radialia (r. [NL. See Radial.] 1. (Anat.) The bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man.
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2. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Radial plates in the calyx of a crinoid.
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Radial engine. (Mach.) An engine, usually an internal-combustion engine of a certain type (the radial type) having several cylinders arranged radially like the spokes of a complete wheel. The semiradial engine has radiating cylinders on only one side of the crank shaft.
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Ra"di*al*ly (r, adv. In a radial manner.
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Radial tire. (Automobiles) a motor vehicle tire in which the cords run at right angles to the plane of the tire (considered as a disk).
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Ra"di*an (r, n. [From Radius.] (Math.) An arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.
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{ Ra"di*ance (r, Ra"di*an*cy (r