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@@ -40774,13 +40774,13 @@ In wings of shot a-both sides of the van.</q> <rj><qau>Webster (1607).</qau></rj [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> <p><cs><mcol><col><b>Archimedean screw</b></col>, or <col><b>Archimedes' screw</b></col></mcol>, <cd>an instrument, said to have been invented by <persfn>Archimedes</persfn>, for raising water, formed by winding a flexible tube round a cylinder in the form of a screw. When the screw is placed in an inclined position, and the lower end immersed in water, by causing the screw to revolve, the water is raised to the upper end.</cd> <rj><au>Francis.</au></rj></cs><br/ [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> <p><ent>Archimedes</ent><br/ -<hw>Ar*chi*me"des</hw> <pr>(<aum/r*k<icr/*m<emac/"d<emac/z)</pr> <pos>pr. n.</pos>. <ety>[Gr. <grk>'Apchimh`dhs</grk>.]</ety> <def>Born at <city>Syracuse</city> about 287 b. c.: died at Syracuse, 212 b. c. The most celebrated geometrician of antiquity. He is said to have been a relative of <person>King Hiero</person> of <city>Syracuse</city>, to have traveled early in life in <country>Egypt</country>, and to have been the pupil of <person>Conon the Samian</person> at <city>Alexandria</city>. His most important services were rendered to pure geometry, but his popular fame rests chiefly on his application of mathematical theory to mechanics. He invented the water-screw, and discovered the principle of the lever. Concerning the latter the famous saying is attributed to him, "Give me where I may stand and I will move the world " (<grk>do`s pou^ stw^ kai` to`n ko`smos kinh`sw</grk>). By means of military engines which he invented he postponed the fall of <city>Syracuse</city> when besieged by <persfn>Marcellus</persfn> 214-212 b. c., whose fleet he is incorrectly said to have destroyed by mirrors reflecting the sun's rays. He detected the admixture of silver, and determined the proportions of the two metals, in a crown ordered by <persfn>Hiero</persfn> to be made of pure gold. The method of detecting the alloy, without destroying the crown, occurred to him as he stepped in the bath and observed the overflow caused by the displacement of the water. He ran home through the street naked crying <i>heureka</i>, "I have found it." He was killed at the capture of <city>Syracuse</city> by <persfn>Marcellus</persfn>.</def> <au>Century Dict. 1906</au><br/ +<hw>Ar*chi*me"des</hw> <pr>(<aum/r*k<icr/*m<emac/"d<emac/z)</pr> <pos>pr. n.</pos>. <ety>[Gr. <grk>'Archimh`dhs</grk>.]</ety> <def>Born at <city>Syracuse</city> about 287 b. c.: died at Syracuse, 212 b. c. The most celebrated geometrician of antiquity. He is said to have been a relative of <person>King Hiero</person> of <city>Syracuse</city>, to have traveled early in life in <country>Egypt</country>, and to have been the pupil of <person>Conon the Samian</person> at <city>Alexandria</city>. His most important services were rendered to pure geometry, but his popular fame rests chiefly on his application of mathematical theory to mechanics. He invented the water-screw, and discovered the principle of the lever. Concerning the latter the famous saying is attributed to him, "Give me where I may stand and I will move the world " (<grk>do`s pou^ stw^ kai` to`n ko`smos kinh`sw</grk>). By means of military engines which he invented he postponed the fall of <city>Syracuse</city> when besieged by <persfn>Marcellus</persfn> 214-212 b. c., whose fleet he is incorrectly said to have destroyed by mirrors reflecting the sun's rays. He detected the admixture of silver, and determined the proportions of the two metals, in a crown ordered by <persfn>Hiero</persfn> to be made of pure gold. The method of detecting the alloy, without destroying the crown, occurred to him as he stepped in the bath and observed the overflow caused by the displacement of the water. He ran home through the street naked crying <i>heureka</i>, "I have found it." He was killed at the capture of <city>Syracuse</city> by <persfn>Marcellus</persfn>.</def> <au>Century Dict. 1906</au><br/ [<source>PJC</source>]</p> <p><ent>Archimedes</ent><br/ ||<hw>Ar`chi*me"des</hw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Paleon.)</fld> <def>An extinct genus of Bryzoa characteristic of the subcarboniferous rocks. Its form is that of a screw.</def><br/ [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> @@ -49587,13 +49587,13 @@ And yet methinks I have <qex>astronomy</qex>.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/ <p><ent>Atheling</ent><br/ <hw>Ath"el*ing</hw> <pr>(<acr/th"<ecr/l*<icr/ng)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[AS. <ets><ae/<edh/eling</ets> noble, fr. <ets><ae/<edh/ele</ets> noble, akin to G. <ets>adel</ets> nobility, <ets>edel</ets> noble. The word <ets><ae/<edh/el</ets>, E. <ets>ethel</ets>, is in many AS. proper names, as <ets>Ethel</ets>wolf, noble wolf; <ets>Ethel</ets>bald, noble bold; <ets>Ethel</ets>bert, noble bright.]</ety> <def>An Anglo-Saxon prince or nobleman; esp., the heir apparent or a prince of the royal family.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>Adeling</asp> and <asp><AE/theling</asp>.]</altsp><br/ [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> <p><ent>Athenaeum</ent><br/ <ent>Atheneum</ent><br/ -<mhw><hw>Ath`e*ne"um</hw>, <hw>Ath`e*n<ae/"um</hw> <pr>(<?/)</pr></mhw>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Atheneums</plw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>, L. <plw>Athen<ae/a</plw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>Athenaeum</ets>, Gr. <grk>'Aqhn`aion</grk> a temple of Minerva at Athens, fr. <grk>'Aqhna^</grk>, contr. fr. <grk>'Aqhna`a</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`a</grk>, in Homer <grk>'Aqh`nh</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`n</grk>, Athene (called <xex>Minerva</xex> by the Romans), the tutelary goddess of Athens.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Gr. Antiq.)</fld> <def>A temple of Athene, at Athens, in which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works and instruct students.</def><br/ +<mhw><hw>Ath`e*ne"um</hw>, <hw>Ath`e*n<ae/"um</hw> <pr>(<?/)</pr></mhw>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> E. <plw>Atheneums</plw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>, L. <plw>Athen<ae/a</plw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>.</plu> <ety>[L. <ets>Athenaeum</ets>, Gr. <grk>'Aqhnai`on</grk> a temple of Minerva at Athens, fr. <grk>'Aqhna^</grk>, contr. fr. <grk>'Aqhna`a</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`a</grk>, in Homer <grk>'Aqh`nh</grk>, <grk>'Aqhnai`n</grk>, Athene (called <xex>Minerva</xex> by the Romans), the tutelary goddess of Athens.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Gr. Antiq.)</fld> <def>A temple of Athene, at Athens, in which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works and instruct students.</def><br/ [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> <p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A school founded at Rome by Hadrian.</def><br/ [<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p> <p><sn>3.</sn> <def>A literary or scientific association or club.</def><br/ |