Initial commit

1 files changed, 2143 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/CIDE.Y b/CIDE.Y
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..398f198
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CIDE.Y
@@ -0,0 +1,2143 @@
+<p><-- Begin file 25 of 26:  Letter Y (Version 0.46) 

+        

+           This file is part 25 of the GNU version of

+     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

+               Also referred to as GCIDE

+  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

+

+GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)

+any later version.

+

+GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

+GNU General Public License for more details.

+

+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

+along with this copy of GCIDE; see the file COPYING.  If not, write 

+to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,

+Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

+           * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

+

+           This dictionary was derived from the

+         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

+                 Version published 1913

+               by the  C. & G. Merriam Co.

+                   Springfield, Mass.

+                 Under the direction of

+                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

+

+                        and from

+           WordNet, a semantic network created by

+              the Cognitive Science Department

+                 of Princeton University

+                  under the direction of

+                   Prof. George Miller

+

+             and is being updated and supplemented by

+         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from

+                       around the world.

+

+     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 

+ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic

+dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a

+large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,

+time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation

+of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the

+internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a

+knowledge base should contact:

+

+     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org

+     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252

+     Plainfield, NJ 07062

+     (908) 561-3416

+

+   Last edit January 17, 2002.

+

+--></p>

+

+<p><centered><point26>Y.</point26></centered></p>

+

+<p><hw>Y</hw> <pr>(w<imac/)</pr>. <def>Y, the twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, at the beginning of a word or syllable, except when a prefix (see Y-), is usually a fricative vocal consonant; as a prefix, and usually in the middle or at the end of a syllable, it is a vowel.  See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, <sect/<sect/ 145, 178-9, 272.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><note> It derives its form from the Latin Y, which is from the Greek <UPSILON/, originally the same letter as V. Etymologically, it is most nearly related to <xex>u</xex>, <xex>i</xex>, <xex>o</xex>, and <xex>j</xex>. <xex>g</xex>; as in <xex>full</xex>, <xex>fill</xex>, AS. <xex>fyllan</xex>; E. <xex>crypt</xex>, <xex>grotto</xex>; <xex>young</xex>, <xex>juvenile</xex>; <xex>day</xex>, AS. <xex>d\'91g</xex>.  See <er>U</er>, <er>I</er>, and <er>J</er>, <er>G</er>.</note><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><note><hand/ Y has been called the <xex>Pythagorean letter</xex>, because the Greek letter <UPSILON/ was taken represent the sacred triad, formed by the duad proceeding from the monad; and also because it represents the dividing of the paths of vice and virtue in the development of human life.</note><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Y</hw> <pr>(w<imac/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Y's</plw> <pr>(w<imac/z)</pr> <it>or</it> <plw>Ys</plw>.</plu> <def>Something shaped like the letter <universbold>Y</universbold>; a forked piece resembling in form the letter <universbold>Y</universbold>.</def>  Specifically: <sd>(a)</sd> <def>One of the forked holders for supporting the telescope of a leveling instrument, or the axis of a theodolite; a wye.</def>  <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A forked or bifurcated pipe fitting.</def>  <sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Railroads)</fld> <def>A portion of track consisting of two diverging tracks connected by a cross track.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><cs><col><b>Y level</b></col> <fld>(Surv.)</fld>, <cd>an instrument for measuring differences of level by means of a telescope resting in <universbold>Y</universbold>'s.</cd> -- <col><b>Y moth</b></col> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld>, <cd>a handsome European noctuid moth <spn>Plusia gamma</spn>) which has a bright, silvery mark, shaped like the letter <universbold>Y</universbold>, on each of the fore wings. Its larva, which is green with five dorsal white species, feeds on the cabbage, turnip, bean, etc. Called also <altname>gamma moth</altname>, and <altname>silver Y</altname>.</cd></cs><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Y</hw> <pr>(<imac/)</pr>, <pos>pron.</pos> <def>I.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>King Horn. Wyclif.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><mhw>{ <hw>Y-</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <it>or</it> <hw>I-</hw>  }</mhw>. <ety>[OE. <ets>y-</ets>, <ets>i-</ets>, AS. <ets>ge-</ets>, akin to D. & G. <ets>ge-</ets>, OHG. <ets>gi-</ets>, <ets>ga-</ets>, Goth. <ets>ga-</ets>, and perhaps to Latin <ets>con</ets>-; originally meaning, together.  Cf. <er>Com-</er>, <er>Aware</er>, <er>Enough</er>, <er>Handiwork</er>, <er>Ywis</er>.]</ety> <def>A prefix of obscure meaning, originally used with verbs, adverbs, adjectives, nouns, and pronouns. In the Middle English period, it was little employed except with verbs, being chiefly used with past participles, though occasionally with the infinitive.  <xex>Ycleped</xex>, or <xex>yclept</xex>, is perhaps the only word not entirely obsolete which shows this use.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><q>That no wight mighte it see neither <qex>y</qex>heere.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><q>Neither to ben <qex>y</qex>buried nor <qex>y</qex>brent.</q> <rj><qau>Chaucer.</qau></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><note><hand/ Some examples of Chaucer's use of this prefix are; <xex>i</xex>be, <xex>i</xex>been, <xex>i</xex>caught, <xex>y</xex>come, <xex>y</xex>do, <xex>i</xex>doon, <xex>y</xex>go, <xex>i</xex>proved, <xex>y</xex>wrought. It <xex>i</xex>nough, <xex>e</xex>nough, it is combined with an adjective. Other examples are in the Vocabulary.<br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p>   Spenser and later writers frequently employed this prefix when affecting an archaic style, and sometimes used it incorrectly.</note><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya</hw> <pr>(y<aum/)</pr>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>Yea.</def>  <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yac"a*re`</hw> <pr>(y<acr/k"<adot/*r<amac/`)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <ets>Jacare</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>A South American crocodilian (<spn>Jacare sclerops</spn>) resembling the alligator in size and habits. The eye orbits are connected together, and surrounded by prominent bony ridges. Called also <altname>spectacled alligator</altname>, and <altname>spectacled cayman</altname>.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>jacare</asp>.]</altsp><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><note><hand/ The name is also applied to allied species.</note><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yac"ca</hw> <pr>(y<acr/k"k<adot/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A West Indian name for two large timber trees (<spn>Podocarpus coriaceus</spn>, and <spn>Podocarpus Purdicanus</spn>) of the Yew family. The wood, which is much used, is pale brownish with darker streaks.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yacht</hw> <pr>(y<ocr/t)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>jagt</ets>, <ets>jacht</ets>; perhaps properly, a chase, hunting, from. <ets>jagen</ets> to chase, hunt, akin to G. <ets>jagen</ets>, OHG. <ets>jag<omac/n</ets>, of uncertain origin; or perhaps akin to OHG. <ets>g\'behi</ets> quick, sudden (cf. <er>Gay</er>).]</ety> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A light and elegantly furnished vessel, used either for private parties of pleasure, or as a vessel of state to convey distinguished persons from one place to another; a seagoing vessel used only for pleasure trips, racing, etc.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><cs><col><b>Yacht measurement</b></col>. <cd>See the Note under <er>Tonnage</er>, 4.</cd></cs><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yacht</hw>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <def>To manage a yacht; to voyage in a yacht.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yacht"er</hw> <pr>(-<etil/r)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One engaged in sailing a jacht.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yacht"ing</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Sailing for pleasure in a yacht.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yacht"man</hw> <pr>(y<ocr/t"m<ait/n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>See <er>Yachtsman</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yachts"man</hw> <pr>(y<ocr/ts"m<ait/n)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos>; <plu><it>pl.</it> <plw>Yachtsmen</plw> <pr>(y<ocr/ts"m<eit/n)</pr>.</plu> <def>One who owns or sails a yacht; a yachter.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yaf</hw> <pr>(y<aum/f)</pr>, <mark>obs.</mark> <pos>imp.</pos> of <er>Give</er>. <ety>[AS. <ets>geaf</ets>, imp. of <ets>giefan</ets> to give.  See <er>Give</er>]</ety> <def>Gave.  See <er>Give</er>.</def>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yaf"fin*gale</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[See <er>Yaffle</er>, and cf. <er>Nightingale</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>The yaffle.</def>  <mark>[Prov. Eng.]</mark><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yaf"fle</hw> <pr>(y<acr/f"f'l)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Probably imitative of its call or cry.]</ety> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>The European green woodpecker (<spn>Picus viridis</spn> syn. <spn>Genius viridis</spn>).  It is noted for its loud laughlike note.  Called also <altname>eccle</altname>, <altname>hewhole</altname>, <altname>highhoe</altname>, <altname>laughing bird</altname>, <altname>popinjay</altname>, <altname>rain bird</altname>, <altname>yaffil</altname>, <altname>yaffler</altname>, <altname>yaffingale</altname>, <altname>yappingale</altname>, <altname>yackel</altname>, and <altname>woodhack</altname>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya"ger</hw> <pr>(?; 277)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[G. <ets>j\'84ger</ets> a hunter, from <ets>jagen</ets> to chase, hunt.]</ety> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <def>In the German army, one belonging to a body of light infantry armed with rifles, resembling the <xex>chasseur</xex> of the French army.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>jager</asp>.]</altsp><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya`gua*run"di</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Jaguarondi</er>.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>yaguarondi</asp>, and <asp>yagouarondi</asp>.]</altsp><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya"hoo</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>One of a race of filthy brutes in Swift's \'bdGulliver's Travels.\'b8 See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>Hence, any brutish or vicious character.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>3.</sn>  <def>A raw countryman; a lout; a greenhorn.</def> <mark>[U. S.]</mark><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><mhw>{ <hw>Yah"weh</hw> <pr>(y<aum/"w<ecr/)</pr>, <hw>Yah"we</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> Also <hw>Jah"veh</hw> <pr>(y<aum/"w<ecr/)</pr>, <hw>Jah"ve</hw>, etc. }</mhw> <def>A modern transliteration of the Hebrew word translated <altname>Jehovah</altname> in the Bible; -- used by some critics to discriminate the tribal god of the ancient Hebrews from the Christian <ex>Jehovah</ex>. <ex>Yahweh</ex> or <altname>Yahwe</altname> is the spelling now generally adopted by scholars.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><mhw>{ <hw>Yah"wism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> Also <hw>Jah"vism</hw> <pr>(?)</pr> }</mhw>. <sn>1.</sn> <def>The religion or worship of <etsep>Yahweh</etsep> (Jehovah), or the system of doctrines, etc., connected with it.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn>  <def>Use of <xex>Yahweh</xex> as a name of God.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><mhw><hw>Yah"wist</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> Also <hw>Jah"vist</hw> <pr>(<?/)</pr>, <hw>Jah"wist</hw>, older <hw>Je*ho"vist</hw>.</mhw> <def>The author of the passages of the Old Testament, esp. those of the Hexateuch, in which God is styled <xex>Yahweh</xex>, or <xex>Jehovah</xex>; the author of the Yahwistic, or Jehovistic, Prophetic Document (J); also, the document itself.</def><br/

+[<source>Webster 1913 Suppl.</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>\'d8Yaj"ur-Ve"da</hw> <pr>(y<adot/j"<ucir/r-v<amac/`d<adot/ <it>or</it> y<adot/j"<ucir/r-v<emac/`d<adot/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr. <ets>yajur-v<emac/da</ets>.]</ety> <def>See <er>Veda</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yak</hw> <pr>(y<acr/k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Tibetan <ets>gyag</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>A bovine mammal (<spn>Po\'89phagus grunnies</spn>) native of the high plains of Central Asia. Its neck, the outer side of its legs, and its flanks, are covered with long, flowing, fine hair. Its tail is long and bushy, often white, and is valued as an ornament and for other purposes in India and China. There are several domesticated varieties, some of which lack the mane and the long hair on the flanks. Called also <altname>chauri gua</altname>, <altname>grunting cow</altname>, <altname>grunting ox</altname>, <altname>sarlac</altname>, <altname>sarlik</altname>, and <altname>sarluc</altname>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><cs><col><b>Yak lace</b></col>, <cd>a coarse pillow lace made from the silky hair of the yak.</cd></cs><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yak"a*milk</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>See <er>Trumpeter</er>, 3 <sd>(a)</sd>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Yak"a*re`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Yacare</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya"kin</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>A large Asiatic antelope (<spn>Budorcas taxicolor</spn>) native of the higher parts of the Himalayas and other lofty mountains. Its head and neck resemble those of the ox, and its tail is like that of the goat. Called also <altname>budorcas</altname>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Ya*koots"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n. pl.</pos>; <sing>sing. <singw>Yakoot</singw> <pr>(<?/)</pr></sing>.<def> <fld>(Ethnol.)</fld> A nomadic Mongolian tribe native of Northern Siberia, and supposed to be of Turkish stock. They are mainly pastoral in their habits.</def>  <altsp>[Written also <asp>Yakuts</asp>.]</altsp><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>\'d8Yak"sha</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Skr.]</ety> <fld>(Hindoo Myth.)</fld> <def>A kind of demigod attendant on Kuvera, the god of wealth.</def><br/