Initial commit

1 files changed, 56458 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/CIDE.P b/CIDE.P
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38c9c2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CIDE.P
@@ -0,0 +1,56458 @@
+<p><-- Begin file 16 of 26:  Letter P (Version 0.46) 

+        

+           This file is part 16 of the GNU version of

+     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

+               Also referred to as GCIDE

+  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

+

+GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)

+any later version.

+

+GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

+GNU General Public License for more details.

+

+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

+along with this copy of GCIDE; see the file COPYING.  If not, write 

+to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,

+Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

+           * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

+

+           This dictionary was derived from the

+         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

+                 Version published 1913

+               by the  C. & G. Merriam Co.

+                   Springfield, Mass.

+                 Under the direction of

+                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

+

+                        and from

+           WordNet, a semantic network created by

+              the Cognitive Science Department

+                 of Princeton University

+                  under the direction of

+                   Prof. George Miller

+

+             and is being updated and supplemented by

+         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from

+                       around the world.

+

+     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 

+ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic

+dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a

+large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,

+time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation

+of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the

+internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a

+knowledge base should contact:

+

+     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org

+     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252

+     Plainfield, NJ 07062

+     (908) 561-3416

+

+   Last edit January 29, 2002.

+

+ --></p>

+

+<p><centered><point26>P.</point26></centered><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>P</hw> <pr>(p<emac/)</pr>, <def>the sixteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a nonvocal consonant whose form and value come from the Latin, into which language the letter was brought, through the ancient Greek, from the Ph\'d2nician, its probable origin being Egyptian.  Etymologically P is most closely related to <it>b</it>, <it>f</it>, and <it>v</it>; as ho<it>bb</it>le, ho<it>pp</it>le; <it>f</it>ather, <it>p</it>aternal; reci<it>p</it>ient, recei<it>v</it>e. See <er>B</er>, <er>F</er>, and <er>M</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p>See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, <sect/<sect/ 247, 248, and 184-195.<br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pa</hw> <pr>(p<aum/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A shortened form of <er>Papa</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pa"age</hw> <pr>(p<amac/"<asl/j; 48)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OF. <ets>paage</ets>, <ets>paiage</ets>, F. <ets>p\'82age</ets>, fr. (assumed) LL. <ets>pedaticum</ets>, fr. L. <ets>pes</ets>, <ets>pedis</ets>, foot. See <er>Pedage</er>, <er>Pedal</er>.]</ety> <fld>(O. Eng. Law)</fld> <def>A toll for passage over another person's grounds.</def> <altsp>[Written also <asp>peage</asp> and <asp>pedage</asp>.]</altsp>  <rj><au>Burke.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p>\'d8<hw>Paard</hw> <pr>(p<aum/rd)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D., a horse.]</ety> <def>The zebra.</def> <mark>[S. Africa]</mark><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Paas</hw> <pr>(p<aum/s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Pace</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chaucer</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Paas</hw> <pr>(p<add/s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[D. <ets>paash</ets>. See <er>Pasch</er>.]</ety> <def>The Easter festival.</def> <mark>[Local, U. S.]</mark>  <rj><au>Bartlett.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><cs><col><b>Paas egg</b></col>. <cd>See <cref>Easter egg</cref>, under <er>Easter</er>.</cd></cs><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pablum</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A form of cereal for infants.</def> <mark>[Trademark]</mark> <br/

+[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>A diet that does not require chewing.</def><br/

+<syn><b>Syn. --</b> soft diet, pap, spoon food.</syn><br/

+[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Worthless or oversimplified ideas.</def><br/

+<syn><b>Syn. --</b> pap, pabulum{3}.</syn><br/

+[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pab"u*lar</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pabularis</ets>.]</ety> <def>Of, pertaining to, or fit for, pabulum or food; affording food.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pab`u*la"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pabulatio</ets>, fr. <ets>pabulari</ets> to feed, fr. <ets>pabulum</ets> food. See <er>Pabulum</er>.]</ety><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>1.</sn> <def>The act of feeding, or providing food.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Cockeram.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>Food; fodder; pabulum.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pab"u*lous</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pabulosus</ets>.]</ety> <def>Affording pabulum, or food; alimental.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Sir T. Browne.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pab"u*lum</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L., akin to <ets>pascere</ets> to pasture. See <er>Pastor</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>The means of nutriment to animals or plants; food; nourishment.</def> <wns>[wns=1]</wns><br/

+<syn><b>Syn. --</b> comestible, edible, eatable, victual, victuals.</syn><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn> <specif>Hence:</specif> <def>That which feeds or sustains, such as fuel for a fire;</def> <specif>especially,</specif> <def>that upon which the mind or soul is nourished; intellectual sustenance; <as>as, intellectual <ex>pabulum</ex></as>.</def> <wns>[wns=2]</wns><br/

+<syn><b>Syn. --</b> food for thought, intellectual nourishment.</syn><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source> + <source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Trite or simplistic writing, sentiments, etc.; pablum{3}.</def><br/

+[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>PAC</hw> <pr>(p<acr/k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Acronynm from <ets>P</ets>olitical <ets>A</ets>ction <ets>C</ets>ommittee.]</ety> <fld>(Politics)</fld> <def>A <altname>political action committee</altname>, a committee formed by an organization or special-interest group to raise money to support candidates for office or to influence legislation.  A PAC provides a legal means for corporations in the U. S. to support political candidates even when direct contributions from corporations to candidates is forbidden by law.  In theory, the corporation may not itself contribute to a PAC, but may pay the expenses of raising money from individuals.  PACs may also be formed by organizations other than commercial corporations, such as trade associations.</def> <mark>[Acronym, U. S.]</mark><br/

+<br/

+<note>   PACs became popular in the 1970's after campaign finance reform laws put limits on the amount of money which an individual can contribute to each candidate for public office.  In addition to simply supporting candidates with specific viewpoints, the unstated purpose of PACs is to make politicians aware of their viewpoints, by aggregating sums of money into significant single donations.  This latter effect has aroused criticism of PACs from reformers who feel that large donations bias the political process.</note><br/

+[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pac</hw> <pr>(p<acr/k)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A kind of moccasin, having the edges of the sole turned up and sewed to the upper.</def>  <rj><au>Knight.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pa"ca</hw> <pr>(Pg. p<aum/"k<adot/; E. p<amac/"k<adot/)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Pg., from the native name.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>A large burrowing South American rodent (<spn>Agouti paca</spn> syn. <spn>Cuniculus paca</spn>, formerly <spn>C\'d2logenys paca</spn>), having blackish brown fur, with four parallel rows of white spots along its sides; the spotted cavy.  It is closely allied to the agouti and the Guinea pig and is highly esteemed as food.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pa"ca*ble</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pacare</ets> to pacify.]</ety> <def>Placable.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Coleridge.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pa*cane"</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>A species of hickory. See <er>Pecan</er>.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pa"cate</hw> <pr>(p<amac/"k<asl/t)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pacatus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>pacare</ets> to pacify, fr. <ets>pax</ets>, <ets>pacis</ets>, peace. See <er>Pay</er> to requite, <er>Peace</er>.]</ety> <def>Appeased; pacified; placated; tranquil.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pa"ca*ted</hw> <pr>(p<amac/"k<asl/*t<ecr/d)</pr>, <pos>a.</pos> <def>Pacified; pacate; placated.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pa*ca"tion</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[L. <ets>pacatio</ets>.]</ety> <def>The act of pacifying; a peacemaking.</def>  <rj><au>Coleridge.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>pace</hw> <pr>(p<amac/s)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[OE. <ets>pas</ets>, F. <ets>pas</ets>, from L. <ets>passus</ets> a step, pace, orig., a stretching out of the feet in walking; cf. <ets>pandere</ets>, <ets>passum</ets>, to spread, stretch; perh. akin to E. <ets>patent</ets>.  Cf. <er>Pas</er>, <er>Pass</er>.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A single movement from one foot to the other in walking; a step.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The length of a step in walking or marching, reckoned from the heel of one foot to the heel of the other; -- used as a unit in measuring distances; <as>as, he advanced fifty <ex>paces</ex></as>.</def> \'bdThe height of sixty <xex>pace</xex> .\'b8  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><note><hand/ Ordinarily the <xex>pace</xex> is estimated at two and one half linear feet; but in measuring distances be stepping, the <xex>pace</xex> is extended to three feet (one yard) or to three and three tenths feet (one fifth of a rod). The regulation marching <xex>pace</xex> in the English and United States armies is thirty inches for quick time, and thirty-six inches for double time. The Roman <xex>pace</xex> (<xex>passus</xex>) was from the heel of one foot to the heel of the same foot when it next touched the ground, five Roman feet.</note><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>3.</sn> <def>Manner of stepping or moving; gait; walk; <as>as, the walk, trot, canter, gallop, and amble are <ex>paces</ex> of the horse; a swaggering <ex>pace</ex>; a quick <ex>pace</ex>.</as></def>  <rj><au>Chaucer.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><q>To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow,<br/

+Creeps in this petty <qex>pace</qex> from day to day.</q> <rj><qau>Shak.</qau></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><q>In the military schools of riding a variety of <ex>paces</ex> are taught.</q> <rj><qau>Walsh.</qau></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>4.</sn> <def>A slow gait; a footpace.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>  <rj><au>Chucer.</au></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>5.</sn> <def>Specifically, a kind of fast amble; a rack.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>6.</sn> <def>Any single movement, step, or procedure.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><q>The first <qex>pace</qex> necessary for his majesty to make is to fall into confidence with Spain.</q> <rj><qau>Sir W. Temple.</qau></rj><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>7.</sn> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A broad step or platform; any part of a floor slightly raised above the rest, as around an altar, or at the upper end of a hall.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>8.</sn> <fld>(Weaving)</fld> <def>A device in a loom, to maintain tension on the warp in pacing the web.</def><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

+

+<p><sn>9.</sn> <def>The rate of progress of any process or activity; <as>as, the students ran at a rapid <ex>pace</ex>; the plants grew at a remarkable <ex>pace</ex></as>.</def><br/

+[<source>PJC</source>]</p>

+

+<p><cs><col><b>Geometrical pace</b></col>, <cd>the space from heel to heel between the spot where one foot is set down and that where the same foot is again set down, loosely estimated at five feet, or by some at four feet and two fifths. See <cref>Roman pace</cref> in the Note under def. 2.</cd> <mark>[Obs.]</mark> -- <mcol><col><b>To keep pace with</b></col> <it>or</it> <col><b>To hold pace with</b></col></mcol>, <cd>to keep up with; to go as fast as.</cd>  \'bdIn intellect and attainments he <xex>kept pace with</xex> his age.\'b8  <au>Southey.</au> -- <col><b>To put (someone) through one's paces</b></col> <cd>to cause (someone) to perform an act so as to demonstrate his/her skill or ability.</cd></cs><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source> <source>+PJC</source>]</p>

+

+<p><hw>Pace</hw> <pr>(p<amac/s)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. & p. p.</pos> <conjf>Paced</conjf> <pr>(p<amac/st)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. & vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Pacing</conjf> <pr>(p<amac/"s<icr/ng)</pr>.]</vmorph> <sn>1.</sn> <def>To go; to walk; specifically, to move with regular or measured steps.</def> \'bdI <xex>paced</xex> on slowly.\'b8 <au>Pope.</au> \'bdWith speed so <xex>pace</xex>.\'b8 <au>Shak.</au><br/

+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p