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-<-- Begin file 10 of 26:  Letter J (Version 0.46) 

-        

-           This file is part 10 of the GNU version of

-     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

-               Also referred to as GCIDE

-  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

-

-GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

-it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)

-any later version.

-

-GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

-GNU General Public License for more details.

-

-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

-along with this copy of GCIDE; see the file COPYING.  If not, write 

-to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,

-Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

-           * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 

-

-           This dictionary was derived from the

-         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

-                 Version published 1913

-               by the  C. & G. Merriam Co.

-                   Springfield, Mass.

-                 Under the direction of

-                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.

-

-                        and from

-           WordNet, a semantic network created by

-              the Cognitive Science Department

-                 of Princeton University

-                  under the direction of

-                   Prof. George Miller

-

-             and is being updated and supplemented by

-         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from

-                       around the world.

-

-     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 

-ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic

-dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a

-large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,

-time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation

-of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the

-internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a

-knowledge base should contact:

-

-     Patrick Cassidy          pc@worldsoul.org

-     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252

-     Plainfield, NJ 07062

-     (908) 561-3416

-

-   Last edit January 17, 2002.

-

- -->

-

-<p><centered><point26>J.</point26></centered><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>J</hw> <pr>(j<amac/)</pr>. <def>J is the tenth letter of the English alphabet. It is a later variant form of the Roman letter I, used to express a consonantal sound, that is, originally, the sound of English <xex>y</xex> in <xex>yet</xex>. The forms J and I have, until a recent time, been classed together, and they have been used interchangeably.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><note>In medical prescriptions <xex>j</xex> is still used in place of <xex>i</xex> at the end of a number, as a Roman numeral; as, v<xex>j</xex>, xi<xex>j</xex>.</p>

-

-<p>J is etymologically most closely related to <xex>i</xex>, <xex>y</xex>, <xex>g</xex>; as in <xex>j</xex>ot, <xex>i</xex>ota; <xex>j</xex>est, <xex>g</xex>esture; <xex>j</xex>oin, <xex>j</xex>ugular, <xex>y</xex>oke. See <er>I</er>.</p>

-

-<p>J is a compound vocal consonant, nearly equivalent in sound to <xex>dzh</xex>. It is exactly the same as <xex>g</xex> in <xex>gem</xex>. See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, <sect/<sect/ 179, 211, 239.</note><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jaal" goat`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>A species of wild goat (<spn>Capra Nubiana</spn>) found in the mountains of Abyssinia, Upper Egypt, and Arabia; -- called also <altname>beden</altname>, and <altname>jaela</altname>.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab</hw> <pr>(j<acr/b)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Job</er>.]</ety> <def>To thrust; to stab; to punch. See <er>Job</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos></def> <mark>[Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]</mark><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A thrust or stab.</def> <mark>[Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]</mark><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. & p. p.</pos> <conjf>Jabbered</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. & vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Jabbering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. <er>Gibber</er>, <er>Gabble</er>.]</ety> <def>To talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly; to utter gibberish or nonsense; to chatter.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To utter rapidly or indistinctly; to gabble; <as>as, to <ex>jabber</ex> French</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Addison.</au></rj><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Rapid or incoherent talk, with indistinct utterance; gibberish.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who jabbers.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a jabbering manner.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Jabber.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"ber*nowl`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Jobbernowl</er>.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"i*ru</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Braz. <ets>jabir\'a3</ets>, <ets>jabur\'a3</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>One of several large wading birds of the genera <gen>Mycteria</gen> and <gen>Xenorhynchus</gen>, allied to the storks in form and habits.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><note><hand/ The American jabiru (<spn>Mycteria Americana</spn>) is white, with the head and neck black and nearly bare of feathers. The East Indian and Australian (<spn>Xenorhynchus Australis</spn>) has the neck, head, and back covered with glossy, dark green feathers, changing on the head to purple. The African jabiru (<spn>Mycteria Senegalensis</spn> <it>or</it> <spn>Ephippiorhynchus, Senegalensis</spn>) has the neck, head, wing coverts, and tail, black, and is called also <stype>saddle-billed stork</stype>.</note><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab`o*ran"di</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub (<spn>Pilocarpus pennatifolius</spn>). The leaves are used in medicine as an diaphoretic and sialogogue.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>Jab"o*rine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Jaborandi</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>An alkaloid found in jaborandi leaves, from which it is extracted as a white amorphous substance. In its action it resembles atropine.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p>\'d8<hw>Jab"ot</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, a kind of ruffle worn by men on the bosom of the shirt.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>An arrangement of lace or tulle, looped ornamentally, and worn by women on the front of the dress.</def><br/

-[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>

-

-<p><hw>jaboticaba</hw> <pos>n.</pos> <sn>1.</sn> <def>A small evergreen tropical tree (<spn>Myrciaria cauliflora</spn>) native to Brazil and West Indies but introduced into southern U. S.; it is grown in Brazil for its edible tough-skinned purple grapelike fruit that grows all along the branches.</def><br/

-<syn><b>Syn. --</b> jaboticaba tree, <spn>Myrciaria cauliflora</spn>.</syn><br/

-[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

-

-<p><sn>2.</sn> <def>The tough-skinned purple grapelike tropical fruit of the jaboticaba tree (<spn>Myrciaria cauliflora</spn>), grown in Brazil.</def><br/

-[<source>WordNet 1.5</source>]</p>

-

+<--    Begin file 10 of 26:  J (Version 0.51) of
+
+           This file is part 10 of the GNU version of
+     The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
+               Also referred to as GCIDE
+  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 
+
+GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+any later version.
+
+GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this copy of GCIDE.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+           * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
+           This dictionary was derived from the
+         Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
+                 Version published 1913
+               by the  C. & G. Merriam Co.
+                   Springfield, Mass.
+                 Under the direction of
+                Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
+
+                        and from
+          WordNet(R), a semantic network created by
+              the Cognitive Science Department
+                 of Princeton University
+                  under the direction of
+                   Prof. George Miller
+
+             and is being updated and supplemented by
+         an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
+                       around the world.
+
+     This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an 
+ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic
+dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a
+large and freely available knowledge base.  Contributions of data,
+time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation
+of a comprehensive and organized knowledge base for free access on the
+internet.  Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
+knowledge base should contact:
+
+     Patrick Cassidy          cassidy@micra.com
+     735 Belvidere Ave.       Office: (908)668-5252
+     Plainfield, NJ 07062
+     (908) 561-3416
+
+   Last edit July 20, 2002.
+
+ -->
+
+<p><centered><point26>J.</point26></centered><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>J</ent><br/
+<hw>J</hw> <pr>(j<amac/)</pr>. <def>J is the tenth letter of the English alphabet. It is a later variant form of the Roman letter I, used to express a consonantal sound, that is, originally, the sound of English <xex>y</xex> in <xex>yet</xex>. The forms J and I have, until a recent time, been classed together, and they have been used interchangeably.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><note>In medical prescriptions <xex>j</xex> is still used in place of <xex>i</xex> at the end of a number, as a Roman numeral; as, v<xex>j</xex>, xi<xex>j</xex>.</p>
+
+<p>J is etymologically most closely related to <xex>i</xex>, <xex>y</xex>, <xex>g</xex>; as in <xex>j</xex>ot, <xex>i</xex>ota; <xex>j</xex>est, <xex>g</xex>esture; <xex>j</xex>oin, <xex>j</xex>ugular, <xex>y</xex>oke. See <er>I</er>.</p>
+
+<p>J is a compound vocal consonant, nearly equivalent in sound to <xex>dzh</xex>. It is exactly the same as <xex>g</xex> in <xex>gem</xex>. See <xex>Guide to Pronunciation</xex>, <sect/<sect/ 179, 211, 239.</note><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jaal goat</ent><br/
+<hw>Jaal" goat`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>. <fld>(Zool.)</fld> <def>A species of wild goat (<spn>Capra Nubiana</spn>) found in the mountains of Abyssinia, Upper Egypt, and Arabia; -- called also <altname>beden</altname>, and <altname>jaela</altname>.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jab</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab</hw> <pr>(j<acr/b)</pr>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <ety>[Cf. <er>Job</er>.]</ety> <def>To thrust; to stab; to punch. See <er>Job</er>, <pos>v. t.</pos></def> <mark>[Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]</mark><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jab</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>A thrust or stab.</def> <mark>[Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]</mark><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabber</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>v. i.</pos> <vmorph>[<pos>imp. & p. p.</pos> <conjf>Jabbered</conjf> <pr>(?)</pr>; <pos>p. pr. & vb. n.</pos> <conjf>Jabbering</conjf>.]</vmorph> <ety>[Cf. <er>Gibber</er>, <er>Gabble</er>.]</ety> <def>To talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly; to utter gibberish or nonsense; to chatter.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabber</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos>v. t.</pos> <def>To utter rapidly or indistinctly; to gabble; <as>as, to <ex>jabber</ex> French</as>.</def>  <rj><au>Addison.</au></rj><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabber</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber</hw>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Rapid or incoherent talk, with indistinct utterance; gibberish.</def>  <rj><au>Swift.</au></rj><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabberer</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber*er</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>One who jabbers.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabberingly</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber*ing*ly</hw>, <pos>adv.</pos> <def>In a jabbering manner.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabberment</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber*ment</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Jabber.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>  <rj><au>Milton.</au></rj><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabbernowl</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"ber*nowl`</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <def>Same as <er>Jobbernowl</er>.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabiru</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"i*ru</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[Braz. <ets>jabir<uacute/</ets>, <ets>jabur<uacute/</ets>.]</ety> <fld>(Zool.)</fld> <def>One of several large wading birds of the genera <gen>Mycteria</gen> and <gen>Xenorhynchus</gen>, allied to the storks in form and habits.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><note><hand/ The American jabiru (<spn>Mycteria Americana</spn>) is white, with the head and neck black and nearly bare of feathers. The East Indian and Australian (<spn>Xenorhynchus Australis</spn>) has the neck, head, and back covered with glossy, dark green feathers, changing on the head to purple. The African jabiru (<spn>Mycteria Senegalensis</spn> <it>or</it> <spn>Ephippiorhynchus, Senegalensis</spn>) has the neck, head, wing coverts, and tail, black, and is called also <stype>saddle-billed stork</stype>.</note><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jaborandi</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab`o*ran"di</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub (<spn>Pilocarpus pennatifolius</spn>). The leaves are used in medicine as an diaphoretic and sialogogue.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jaborine</ent><br/
+<hw>Jab"o*rine</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[From <er>Jaborandi</er>.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>An alkaloid found in jaborandi leaves, from which it is extracted as a white amorphous substance. In its action it resembles atropine.</def><br/
+[<source>1913 Webster</source>]</p>
+
+<p><ent>Jabot</ent><br/
+||<hw>Jab"ot</hw> <pr>(?)</pr>, <pos>n.</pos> <ety>[F.]</ety> <sn>1.</sn> <def>Originally, a kind of ruffle worn by men on the bosom of the shirt.</def><br/